Degradation of xenobiotic compounds by microorganisms pdf file

Through microbial metabolism xenobiotics degraded from toxic to nontoxic compounds which are mainly environmental accepted form. In other words, defined as the ability of microorganisms to convert toxic chemicals xenobiotics to simpler nontoxic compounds by synthesis of certain enzymes biodegradation of xenobiotics can be affected by substrate specificity, nutrition source, temperature, ph etc. Xenobiotic compounds are manmade chemicals that are present in the atmosphere at unusually high concentrations. Microbial degradation of pyridine and pyridine derivatives. Xenobiotic compounds including pesticides, nitrophenols, pyridine, polycyclic. The chapter aims to provide an overview of xenobiotic compounds, factors affecting biodegradation, the metabolic pathways and genetic adaptation in microorganisms for degradation of recalcitrant. Therefore, the lecture notes and the practical manual have been revised and edited based on the. Pdf xenobiotic compounds and their types xenobiotic. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. Pdf microbial degradation of xenobiotic, aromatic pollutants in. The chapter aims to provide an overview of xenobiotic compounds, factors affecting biodegradation, the metabolic pathways and genetic adaptation in microorganisms for degradation of recalcitrant xenobiotic compounds.

Pdf removal of xenobiotics from environment using microbial. Biodegradation of xenobiotic compounds depends on their concentration too high concentration may be toxic, ph of the medium, temperature, availability of water and other nutrients and presence of organic compounds these may be cometabolites, inhibitors or preferred substrate, in place of the xenobiotic, by microorganisms. Most xenobiotic compounds, however, are recalcitrant and some of them are biomagnified to dangeroustoxic levels. An emphasis on xenobiotic degradation in environmental. Removal of xenobiotics from environment using microbial metabolism.

Our interest in the microbial biodegradation of xenobiotics has increased many. Microbial degradation of xenobiotic, aromatic pollutants in humic water. Those xenobiotic compounds that resist digestion from even microbes are called recalcitrant. Xenobiotic compounds are man made chemicals that are present in the environment at higher concentration. Especially, most aerobic xenobioticdegrading bacterial strains can use such chemicals as their sole sources of carbon and energy, and thus they are excellent.

University of groningen bacterial degradation of xenobiotic. Microbial metabolism of xenobiotic compounds springerlink. The study was carried out to screen microorganisms and isolate through. Microbial degradation of xenobiotics shree nath singh springer. Microbial degradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds. In addition, enzymes for the degradation of xenobiotics are good materials for studies of. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 740k, or click on a page. You are advised to consult the publishers version publishers pdf if you wish to cite from it. In some cases a single microorganism may not be capable of performing all metabolic processes required for degradation of a xenobiotic compound and so. Microorganisms are able to digest most of the naturally occurring xenobiotic compounds and this property is called as microbial infallibility. Xenobiotics that are released into the environment on a large scale are numerous different halogenated aliphatic and aromatic compounds, nitroaromatics, phthalate esters, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Microbial degradation of xenobiotic, aromatic pollutants in humic. Natural, mixed cultures of microorganisms in the water from a brownwater lake with a high content of humic compounds mineralized all of the.